Impact on Learning
I n mainstream education, when students face difficulties in reading, writing, math or spelling, the typical approach involves providing them with remedial support in those specific academic areas. However, it is crucial to recognise that many learners have underlying cognitive weaknesses that hinder their access to the curriculum. Addressing these underlying weaknesses becomes a crucial prerequisite for improving their overall academic achievement. Understanding these underpinning weaknesses is vital to creating effective interventions and support strategies for students. This article explores some common cognitive weaknesses that impact learning, particularly in visual and auditory processing, as well as short-term and working memory. Additionally, we will delve into the significance of phonemic and phonological awareness in the context of learning difficulties.